India, with a wealthy heritage of floral variety, is well-known for its medicinal plant wealth and is the biggest producer of medicinal herbs on the earth. Ethnobiological Survey of Ministry of Setting and Forests (MOEF) may determine 8000 plant species utilized in varied programs of medication with roughly 25,000 efficient natural formulations. The intensive consumption to fulfill demand-supply ratio exerts a heavy pressure on the present assets. This subsequently led to the adulteration and substitution of medicinal vegetation with look-alike species. The buyer’s religion on natural medication is within the section of decline because of the extremities in adulteration/substitution and ensuing penalties.
It’s crucial to deliver forth universally acceptable commonplace instruments to authenticate uncooked medication earlier than being processed additional into formulations. An unlimited array of methods comparable to bodily, chemical (analytical), biochemical, anatomical, organoleptic, and just lately emerged DNA primarily based molecular strategies are extensively used for plant species authentication. Lately, DNA barcoding has made outstanding progress within the discipline of medicinal vegetation analysis. DNA metabarcoding is the most recent growth for qualitative analysis of the natural formulations, whereas for quantitative evaluation, mixture of pharmacognostic, pharmacovigilance and analytical strategies are inevitable for authentication. This overview addresses the general strengths and shortcomings of the present in addition to just lately emerged methods in authenticating ayurvedic uncooked medication.
From ayurvedic folks medication to preclinical neurotherapeutic function of a miraculous herb, Tinospora cordifolia
In Ayurveda, the age-old Indian conventional system of medication, well being is taken into account to be achieved as equilibrium of bodily and psychological wellbeing and mind associated illnesses are acknowledged as ‘Vatavyadi’. Rasayana herbs have been primarily used for pharmacological remedy of neurological illnesses and Tinospora cordifolia is among the common Rasayana herbs of Ayurveda. The normal claims of therapeutic exercise of this herb for remedy of fever, diabetes, nervousness, immunodeficiency, reminiscence deficit and psychological issues have been explored by totally different analysis teams utilizing reverse pharmacology and advance technological approaches.
The intention of present overview is to compile and talk about the neurotherapeutic potential of T. cordifolia within the mild of assorted preclinical and scientific research from literature. This overview summarizes the details about totally different extracts of this herb and decoctions used for varied neuro-related issues comparable to neurodegenerative illnesses, neuroinflammation, sleep problems, neural cancers, reminiscence and cognition deficits and psychological issues moreover different potential actions. The overview additionally offers the data of underlying therapeutic mechanism of T. cordifolia and its energetic phytoconstituents.
Poisonous epidermolysis necrosis (TEN) or Lyell syndrome is a probably life-threatening immunological opposed pores and skin illness, which largely happens secondary to the consumption of an offending drug. It generally manifests as a widespread exfoliating bullous lesion in pores and skin and mucous membrane mimicking superficial burns and should end in hypovolemic and/or septic shock. Authors report an uncommon case of Lyell’s syndrome in a 42-year-old girl, secondary to the consumption of Ayurveda medication ‘Vajra Bhasma’ (Diamond Ash) prescribed by an Ayurveda doctor for remedy of her trigeminal neuralgia. After eighth day of steady remedy consumption, she had prodromal sickness and quickly growing exfoliative pores and skin lesion prolonged over 80% of complete physique floor space, respiratory problem, dizziness and anuria. The case was efficiently managed by well timed analysis, enough hydration and administration of immunoglobulins.
Pitfalls and promises of raw drug identification techniques in the ayurvedic industry: an overview
Outcomes of Ayurvedic care in a COVID-19 affected person with hypoxia – A Case Report
This paper studies for the primary time, the outcomes of Ayurvedic intervention in a COVID-19 affected person with extreme hypoxia requiring supportive oxygen remedy. Affected person developed fever, extreme cough, lack of odor, lack of style, nasal block, anorexia, headache, physique ache, chills, and fatigue and was hospitalised when she developed extreme respiratory problem. Later, she examined constructive for COVID-19 by RT PCR. The affected person sought Ayurvedic remedy voluntarily when her SPO2 remained at 80% even after being given oxygen assist.
The affected person was administered Ayurvedic medicines whereas present process oxygen remedy on the hospital. The affected person refused to take Fabiflu really useful by the treating doctor and discontinued different allopathic medication apart from Vitamin C. The affected person confirmed scientific enchancment inside a day of administration of Ayurvedic medicines and was in a position to speak, eat, and sit on the mattress with out respiratory problem and her SPO2 grew to become secure between 95 and 98%.
Description: This monoclonal antibody is for studies of antigen expression in cells and tissue sections using immunocytochemistry and immunoprecipitation
Description: Galectin-1, also known as L14, BHL and galaptin, is a monomeric or homodimeric prototype galectin that is expressed in a variety of cells and tissues including muscle, heart, liver, prostate, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, placenta, testis, retina, macrophages, B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, and tumor cells. It preferentially binds laminin, fibronectin, 90K/Mac2BP, CD45, CD43, CD7, CD2, CD3, and ganglioside GM1. Galectin-1 modulates cell growth and proliferation, either positively or negatively, depending on the cell type and activation status. It controls cell survival by inducing apoptosis of activated T cells and immature thymocytes. It modulates cytokine secretion by inducing Th2 type cytokines and inhibiting proinflammatory cytokine production. Galectin1 can also modulate cel-lcell as well as cell-lmatrix interactions and depending on the cell type and developmental stage, promote cell attachment or detachment. Galectin-1 has immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties and has been shown to suppress acute and chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. Human and mouse galectin1 share about 88% amino acid sequence similarity.
Description: The galectins constitute a large family of carbohydrate-binding proteins that function in many systems both intracellularly and following secretion. Galectins contain either one or two carbohydrate recognition domains (CRR) which mediate recognition of N-acetyl-lactosamine-containing glycoproteins. Some galectins exist in multiple isoforms due to alternative splicing. Individual galectins differ in their tissue distribution and in their carbohydrate-binding specificities.
Description: Galectin-1, also known as L14, BHL and galaptin, is a monomeric or homodimeric prototype galectin that is expressed in a variety of cells and tissues including muscle, heart, liver, prostate, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, placenta, testis, retina, macrophages, B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, and tumor cells. It preferentially binds laminin, fibronectin, 90K/Mac2BP, CD45, CD43, CD7, CD2, CD3, and ganglioside GM1. Galectin-1 modulates cell growth and proliferation, either positively or negatively, depending on the cell type and activation status. It controls cell survival by inducing apoptosis of activated T cells and immature thymocytes. It modulates cytokine secretion by inducing Th2 type cytokines and inhibiting proinflammatory cytokine production. Galectin1 can also modulate cel-lcell as well as cell-lmatrix interactions and depending on the cell type and developmental stage, promote cell attachment or detachment. Galectin-1 has immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory properties and has been shown to suppress acute and chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. Human and mouse galectin1 share about 88% amino acid sequence similarity.
Description: Galectin-1, also known as L14, BHL and galaptin, is a monomeric or homodimeric prototype galectin that is expressed in a variety of cells and tissues including muscle, heart, liver, prostate, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, placenta, testis, retina, macrophages, B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, and tumor cells. It preferentially binds laminin, fibronectin, 90K/Mac2BP, CD45, CD43, CD7, CD2, CD3, and ganglioside GM1. Galectin-1 modulates cell growth and proliferation, either positively or negatively, depending on the cell type and activation status. It controls cell survival by inducing apoptosis of activated T cells and immature thymocytes. It modulates cytokine secretion by inducing Th2 type cytokines and inhibiting proinflammatory cytokine production. Galectin1 can also modulate cel-lcell as well as cell-lmatrix interactions and depending on the cell type and developmental stage, promote cell attachment or detachment. Galectin-1 has immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory properties and has been shown to suppress acute and chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. Human and mouse galectin1 share about 88% amino acid sequence similarity.
Description: The galectins constitute a large family of carbohydrate-binding proteins that function in many systems both intracellularly and following secretion. Galectins contain either one or two carbohydrate recognition domains (CRR) which mediate recognition of N-acetyl-lactosamine-containing glycoproteins. Some galectins exist in multiple isoforms due to alternative splicing. Individual galectins differ in their tissue distribution and in their carbohydrate-binding specificities.
Description: Galectin-4 is a member of the subfamily of galectins composed of two carbohydrate recognition domains having similar peptide chains. The galectins are a family of beta-galactoside-binding proteins having a role in modulating cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, which inhibits chronic inflammations, GVHD, and allergic responses. LGALS4 expression is limited to small intestine, colon, and rectum, and it is underexpressed in colorectal cancer. LGALS4 binds as an endogenous ligand to glycosphingolipids having 3-O-sulfated Gal residues and bind as well to cholesterol-3-sulfate. LGALS4 takes part in cell adhesion. LGALS4 plays a role in crosslinking the lateral cell membranes of the surface-lining epithelial cells, thus supporting epithelial integrity against mechanical stress exerted by the bowel lume.
Description: LGALS8 is a prostate-specific antigen that is solely overexpressed in malignant tumors and thus is a supplementary specific identifier of malignancies. LGALS8 is part of the galectin gene family which facilitates both cell-cell and cell matrix interactions in a method parallel to the selectin subgroup of C-type lectins.
Description: The galectins constitute a large family of carbohydrate-binding proteins that function in many systems both intracellularly and following secretion. Galectins contain either one or two carbohydrate recognition domains (CRR) which mediate recognition of N-acetyl-lactosamine-containing glycoproteins. Some galectins exist in multiple isoforms due to alternative splicing. Individual galectins differ in their tissue distribution and in their carbohydrate-binding specificities.
Description: Galectin-7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LGALS7 gene. The galectins are a family of beta-galactoside-binding proteins implicated in modulating cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions. Differential and in situ hybridizations indicate that this lectin is specifically expressed in keratinocytes. It is expressed at all stages of epidermal differentiation (i.e., in basal and supra-basal layers). It is moderately repressed by retinoic acid. The protein was found mainly in stratified squamous epithelium. The antigen localized to basal keratinocytes, although it was also found, albeit at lower levels, in the supra-basal layers where it concentrated to areas of cell-to-cell contact. The cellular localization and it’s striking down-regulation in cultured keratinocytes imply a role in cell–cell and/or cell–matrix interactions necessary for normal growth control.
Within the subsequent two days, she was asymptomatic with out oxygen assist and was discharged from the hospital within the following week. Since weight problems and excessive plasma CRP indicated excessive threat for development to extreme illness, the beneficial outcomes with Ayurvedic remedy on this affected person is important and warrants additional research. Ayurveda care could also be thought-about as first-line cost-effective different for COVID-19 sufferers presenting with symptomatic hypoxia in an integrative setup.
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